The page, 'Camera Calibration and 3D Reconstruction' is made excellent and important to beginners for understanding of CV: https://docs.opencv.org/2.4/modules/calib3d/doc/camera_calibration_and_3d_reconstruction.html
But, there are two things found for improvement:
- There is no description for (x, y, z): I think it is the coordinates of a point in camera frame Xc-Yc-Zc.
- In the first figure, instead of P=(X, Y, Z), p=(x, y, z) would be better for understanding because only the camera frame Xc-Yc-Zc is drawn in the figure though P and p indicate the same point in different frame.