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I think problem is here :

int nmask = connectedComponentsWithStats(mask, labels, stats, centroids, 4, CV_16U);
stats.convertTo(stats, CV_8U);

when you convert in uchar some values are saturate because leftmost (or topmost) coordinate can be greater than 255 :

CC_STAT_LEFT    

The leftmost (x) coordinate which is the inclusive start of the bounding box in the horizontal direction.
CC_STAT_TOP     

The topmost (y) coordinate which is the inclusive start of the bounding box in the vertical direction.
CC_STAT_WIDTH   

The horizontal size of the bounding box.
CC_STAT_HEIGHT  

The vertical size of the bounding box.
CC_STAT_AREA    

The total area (in pixels) of the connected component.

Don't convert in CV_8U : int* data = stats.ptr<int>(i);

I think problem is here :

int nmask = connectedComponentsWithStats(mask, labels, stats, centroids, 4, CV_16U);
stats.convertTo(stats, CV_8U);

when you convert in uchar some values are saturate because leftmost (or topmost) coordinate can be greater than 255 :

CC_STAT_LEFT    

The leftmost (x) coordinate which is the inclusive start of the bounding box in the horizontal direction.
CC_STAT_TOP     

The topmost (y) coordinate which is the inclusive start of the bounding box in the vertical direction.
CC_STAT_WIDTH   

The horizontal size of the bounding box.
CC_STAT_HEIGHT  

The vertical size of the bounding box.
CC_STAT_AREA    

The total area (in pixels) of the connected component.

Don't convert in CV_8U : :

int* data = stats.ptr<int>(i);
stats.ptr<int>(i);